your audience. If your audience is a volatile delegation from the Women's Institute, you should approach the assignment differently than if you were addressing the local Town Council. What are the expectations of your audience and what is in it for them? From the outset, always lHave you ever wondered why so many business presentations end in failure? Well, it's not surprising when you see just how little people prepare for their big day. To be fair, people often make a big effort with their content. That's essential, they would not otherwise have been invited to speak.

Knowing your material inside out is vital for your confidence when the spotlight is shining down on you, but as so many subject matter experts do not realize, there are many other factors that come into the equation of successful speeches and presentations.

A common issue in speaking comes down to the selection of the venue, a matter that few speakers have any control over. If it's a famous venue like the Royal Albert Hall or the Sydney Opera House, you can have a good idea of what to expect. These venues are open all year around to the public so there are lots of opportunities to check them out.

However, if the venue is a large disused airplane hanger in the middle of Oxfordshire managed by the army, there's less opportunity for access and practice before the event starts.

This brings me on to knowing your audience. If your audience is a volatile delegation from the Women's Institute, you should approach the assignment differently than if you were addressing the local Town Council. What are the expectations of your audience and what is in it for them? From the outset, always lo

ited to speak.

Knowing your material inside out is vital for your confidence when the spotlight is shining down on you, but as so many subject matter experts do not realize, there are many other factors that come into the equation of successful speeches and presentations.

A common issue in speaking comes down to the selection of the venue, a matter that few speakers have any control over. If it's a famous venue like the Royal Albert Hall or the Sydney Opera House, you can have a good idea of what to expect. These venues are open all year around to the public so there are lots of opportunities to check them out.

However, if the venue is a large disused airplane hanger in the middle of Oxfordshire managed by the army, there's less opportunity for access and practice before the event starts.

This brings me on to knowing your audience. If your audience is a volatile delegation from the Women's Institute, you should approach the assignment differently than if you were addressing the local Town Council. What are the expectations of your audience and what is in it for them? From the outset, always l

A common issue in speaking comes down to the selection of the venue, a matter that few speakers have any control over. If it's a famous venue like the Royal Albert Hall or the Sydney Opera House, you can have a good idea of what to expect. These venues are open all year around to the public so there are lots of opportunities to check them out.

However, if the venue is a large disused airplane hanger in the middle of Oxfordshire managed by the army, there's less opportunity for access and practice before the event starts.

This brings me on to knowing your audience. If your audience is a volatile delegation from the Women's Institute, you should approach the assignment differently than if you were addressing the local Town Council. What are the expectations of your audience and what is in it for them? From the outset, always l

he public so there are lots of opportunities to check them out.

However, if the venue is a large disused airplane hanger in the middle of Oxfordshire managed by the army, there's less opportunity for access and practice before the event starts.

This brings me on to knowing your audience. If your audience is a volatile delegation from the Women's Institute, you should approach the assignment differently than if you were addressing the local Town Council. What are the expectations of your audience and what is in it for them? From the outset, always l

your audience. If your audience is a volatile delegation from the Women's Institute, you should approach the assignment differently than if you were addressing the local Town Council. What are the expectations of your audience and what is in it for them? From the outset, always look for some common ground to connect with the audience - humour is usually the shortest path to their minds.

An interesting factor to be aware of as a speaker is that your audience, even though they may never have met you, want you to be excellent. Indeed, they are desperate for you to deliver something compelling. The good will which is extended out to the speaker is phenomenal. They want you to be great because they are investing their valuable time in you. They have all seen and heard a lifetime's procession of bad speaker and they are willing you to come along to inform and entertain them royally.

If you know that you'll be working in a famous venue (or even not so famous), visualize yourself making the speech in front of a large audience. I had great fun with this – contemplating this capacious cavern looking out into a sea of camouflage jackets. As I discussed the assignment with friends and colleagues, the images became closer and more focused. I could see faces, haircuts and even badges on berets. On the day, my visualizations were surprisingly accurate and it made me feel at ease. It was lik