us that American isolationist doctrine could put the country under the risk to remain a weak opponent of a superpower from Europe. On the other hand, it was quite different from a noble official version of struggle against fascism and for the victory of humanism and democracy but not the hegemony in the whole world as the followers of allegation conspiracy state.

As a result, the US started the war against Japan, Germany and their alliances under the slogan “Remember Pearl Harbor!” that was a starting point of the American participation of the World War II because exactly after Japanese bombing of Pearl Harbor the American public opinion, supported by mass media and Roosevelt’s administration, was against Japanese and people wanted to revenge on Japan. The Roosevelt’s administration assured people that Americans were completely ignorant about the intentions of Japan to attack Pearl Harbor but the opponents of the official version estimate the contrary they believe that “Franklin Delano Roosevelt, and his closest advisors not only knew of the attack in advance and did not prevent it, they had actually provoked it. Lt. Arthur McCollum, head of the Far East desk for the US Navy intelligence, wrote a detailed eight-step plan on October 7, 1

History of human civilization reveals the fact that the state of war is a normal state for human society. Always and everywhere people declared wars and there was no such a period of time when the whole world led a peaceful life. However, the evolution of human society and the transformation of our views on war led to the unwillingness of people to participate in war that, in its turn, engendered numerous peace-strugglers movements. But people can’t resist their nature and the war is a part of our life as it was a part of life of all previous epochs and civilizations. What is noteworthy is the fact that traditionally, ordinary people served as instruments in the hands of rulers. Our epoch is not an exception because in the 20th century we witnessed two World Wars and the 21st century begins with the War on Terror declared by the US and its alliances.

The main question we often ask ourselves: what are the reasons for different countries to start a war, or what is the real cause of war. The USA, being one of the most powerful countries in the 20th century, remains the only superpower in the 21st. We can hardly deny that such a success is result of several wars won by the US, including the World War II and particularly the Cold War. The 21st century begins with a new war for the US which, in all probability, would strengthen Americans position on the international arena and as some specialists indicate the win in this war could really provide the US for the absolute global domination. Such a situation is widely criticized and many experts estimate that the methods the US use in war are absolutely immoral, particularly numerous are allegations concerning the real reasons of the American involvement in wars which the ruling elite tries to hide from a public eye. In my paper I would dwell upon two major wars of both 20th and 21st centuries, the World War II and the war in Iraq and I would try to analyze the reasons for numerous allegations I have just mentioned.

First of all, I would like to start with the World War II, which in my opinion defined the further development of the US and the whole world. It is necessary to underline that for any government it was extremely important to have a wide support of citizens, particularly if the country is going to participate in the war. Consequently, the government before starting the war has to be sure that the population of the country will support such radical measures. The US government and American president Franklin Delano Roosevelt also had to be sure in such a support before they decided to participate in the war. So, we have to bear this idea in mind and I would return to the main question I would like to discuss the allegations of American government and its supposed unwillingness to tell the true reasons of the war. In order to realize what were real reasons of the war and what engendered such allegations we have to know the historical conditions of the pre-war time and then analyze the actions of the government which led to American participation in the war. It is not a secret that some researchers believe that the president F.D. Roosevelt had a strong fascist opposition within the country and many Americans, particularly representatives of upper classes, supported fascism as the mean of prevention of the spread of communism in the US. We should also remember that for the richest Americans, such as Morgan, Dupont, Rockefeller and others, the war was quite a profitable business and they even did not ignore the possibility to profit from German militarism. As Parenti states “America’s richest businessmen were in a panic. Roosevelt intended to conduct a massive redistribution of wealth… and it had to be stopped at all costs. The answer was a military coup… secretly financed and organized by the leading officers of the Morgan and Dupont empires”

On the other hand, the followers of the conspiracy allegation believe that the US’s main reason to start the war was the intention to gain more power in the world after the win in the war and, in my opinion, this statement seems to be quite reasonable if we take into account that the main reason to the war were actually the consequences of the World War I and the desire of the nations that lost to regain their prewar positions. So it is evident that the winners in the World War II would dominate in the world policy. But what about the opposition to Roosevelt’s policy from the part of the notable families? It is quite natural to presuppose that the war was a good stimulus for American industry and financial system because practically all big corporations got state financing for weapon and machines produced for American army. Furthermore, they could also hope that the participation of the US in the war could also prevent the spread of communism due to the possibility of American domination in the world and the improvement of socio-economic situation in the US in comparison with Europe where the war practically destroyed local economy. Anyway, it was obvious that American isolationist doctrine could put the country under the risk to remain a weak opponent of a superpower from Europe. On the other hand, it was quite different from a noble official version of struggle against fascism and for the victory of humanism and democracy but not the hegemony in the whole world as the followers of allegation conspiracy state.

As a result, the US started the war against Japan, Germany and their alliances under the slogan “Remember Pearl Harbor!” that was a starting point of the American participation of the World War II because exactly after Japanese bombing of Pearl Harbor the American public opinion, supported by mass media and Roosevelt’s administration, was against Japanese and people wanted to revenge on Japan. The Roosevelt’s administration assured people that Americans were completely ignorant about the intentions of Japan to attack Pearl Harbor but the opponents of the official version estimate the contrary they believe that “Franklin Delano Roosevelt, and his closest advisors not only knew of the attack in advance and did not prevent it, they had actually provoked it. Lt. Arthur McCollum, head of the Far East desk for the US Navy intelligence, wrote a detailed eight-step plan on October 7, 19

st century begins with a new war for the US which, in all probability, would strengthen Americans position on the international arena and as some specialists indicate the win in this war could really provide the US for the absolute global domination. Such a situation is widely criticized and many experts estimate that the methods the US use in war are absolutely immoral, particularly numerous are allegations concerning the real reasons of the American involvement in wars which the ruling elite tries to hide from a public eye. In my paper I would dwell upon two major wars of both 20th and 21st centuries, the World War II and the war in Iraq and I would try to analyze the reasons for numerous allegations I have just mentioned.

First of all, I would like to start with the World War II, which in my opinion defined the further development of the US and the whole world. It is necessary to underline that for any government it was extremely important to have a wide support of citizens, particularly if the country is going to participate in the war. Consequently, the government before starting the war has to be sure that the population of the country will support such radical measures. The US government and American president Franklin Delano Roosevelt also had to be sure in such a support before they decided to participate in the war. So, we have to bear this idea in mind and I would return to the main question I would like to discuss the allegations of American government and its supposed unwillingness to tell the true reasons of the war. In order to realize what were real reasons of the war and what engendered such allegations we have to know the historical conditions of the pre-war time and then analyze the actions of the government which led to American participation in the war. It is not a secret that some researchers believe that the president F.D. Roosevelt had a strong fascist opposition within the country and many Americans, particularly representatives of upper classes, supported fascism as the mean of prevention of the spread of communism in the US. We should also remember that for the richest Americans, such as Morgan, Dupont, Rockefeller and others, the war was quite a profitable business and they even did not ignore the possibility to profit from German militarism. As Parenti states “America’s richest businessmen were in a panic. Roosevelt intended to conduct a massive redistribution of wealth… and it had to be stopped at all costs. The answer was a military coup… secretly financed and organized by the leading officers of the Morgan and Dupont empires”

On the other hand, the followers of the conspiracy allegation believe that the US’s main reason to start the war was the intention to gain more power in the world after the win in the war and, in my opinion, this statement seems to be quite reasonable if we take into account that the main reason to the war were actually the consequences of the World War I and the desire of the nations that lost to regain their prewar positions. So it is evident that the winners in the World War II would dominate in the world policy. But what about the opposition to Roosevelt’s policy from the part of the notable families? It is quite natural to presuppose that the war was a good stimulus for American industry and financial system because practically all big corporations got state financing for weapon and machines produced for American army. Furthermore, they could also hope that the participation of the US in the war could also prevent the spread of communism due to the possibility of American domination in the world and the improvement of socio-economic situation in the US in comparison with Europe where the war practically destroyed local economy. Anyway, it was obvious that American isolationist doctrine could put the country under the risk to remain a weak opponent of a superpower from Europe. On the other hand, it was quite different from a noble official version of struggle against fascism and for the victory of humanism and democracy but not the hegemony in the whole world as the followers of allegation conspiracy state.

As a result, the US started the war against Japan, Germany and their alliances under the slogan “Remember Pearl Harbor!” that was a starting point of the American participation of the World War II because exactly after Japanese bombing of Pearl Harbor the American public opinion, supported by mass media and Roosevelt’s administration, was against Japanese and people wanted to revenge on Japan. The Roosevelt’s administration assured people that Americans were completely ignorant about the intentions of Japan to attack Pearl Harbor but the opponents of the official version estimate the contrary they believe that “Franklin Delano Roosevelt, and his closest advisors not only knew of the attack in advance and did not prevent it, they had actually provoked it. Lt. Arthur McCollum, head of the Far East desk for the US Navy intelligence, wrote a detailed eight-step plan on October 7, 1

sevelt also had to be sure in such a support before they decided to participate in the war. So, we have to bear this idea in mind and I would return to the main question I would like to discuss the allegations of American government and its supposed unwillingness to tell the true reasons of the war. In order to realize what were real reasons of the war and what engendered such allegations we have to know the historical conditions of the pre-war time and then analyze the actions of the government which led to American participation in the war. It is not a secret that some researchers believe that the president F.D. Roosevelt had a strong fascist opposition within the country and many Americans, particularly representatives of upper classes, supported fascism as the mean of prevention of the spread of communism in the US. We should also remember that for the richest Americans, such as Morgan, Dupont, Rockefeller and others, the war was quite a profitable business and they even did not ignore the possibility to profit from German militarism. As Parenti states “America’s richest businessmen were in a panic. Roosevelt intended to conduct a massive redistribution of wealth… and it had to be stopped at all costs. The answer was a military coup… secretly financed and organized by the leading officers of the Morgan and Dupont empires”

On the other hand, the followers of the conspiracy allegation believe that the US’s main reason to start the war was the intention to gain more power in the world after the win in the war and, in my opinion, this statement seems to be quite reasonable if we take into account that the main reason to the war were actually the consequences of the World War I and the desire of the nations that lost to regain their prewar positions. So it is evident that the winners in the World War II would dominate in the world policy. But what about the opposition to Roosevelt’s policy from the part of the notable families? It is quite natural to presuppose that the war was a good stimulus for American industry and financial system because practically all big corporations got state financing for weapon and machines produced for American army. Furthermore, they could also hope that the participation of the US in the war could also prevent the spread of communism due to the possibility of American domination in the world and the improvement of socio-economic situation in the US in comparison with Europe where the war practically destroyed local economy. Anyway, it was obvious that American isolationist doctrine could put the country under the risk to remain a weak opponent of a superpower from Europe. On the other hand, it was quite different from a noble official version of struggle against fascism and for the victory of humanism and democracy but not the hegemony in the whole world as the followers of allegation conspiracy state.

As a result, the US started the war against Japan, Germany and their alliances under the slogan “Remember Pearl Harbor!” that was a starting point of the American participation of the World War II because exactly after Japanese bombing of Pearl Harbor the American public opinion, supported by mass media and Roosevelt’s administration, was against Japanese and people wanted to revenge on Japan. The Roosevelt’s administration assured people that Americans were completely ignorant about the intentions of Japan to attack Pearl Harbor but the opponents of the official version estimate the contrary they believe that “Franklin Delano Roosevelt, and his closest advisors not only knew of the attack in advance and did not prevent it, they had actually provoked it. Lt. Arthur McCollum, head of the Far East desk for the US Navy intelligence, wrote a detailed eight-step plan on October 7, 1

tly financed and organized by the leading officers of the Morgan and Dupont empires”

On the other hand, the followers of the conspiracy allegation believe that the US’s main reason to start the war was the intention to gain more power in the world after the win in the war and, in my opinion, this statement seems to be quite reasonable if we take into account that the main reason to the war were actually the consequences of the World War I and the desire of the nations that lost to regain their prewar positions. So it is evident that the winners in the World War II would dominate in the world policy. But what about the opposition to Roosevelt’s policy from the part of the notable families? It is quite natural to presuppose that the war was a good stimulus for American industry and financial system because practically all big corporations got state financing for weapon and machines produced for American army. Furthermore, they could also hope that the participation of the US in the war could also prevent the spread of communism due to the possibility of American domination in the world and the improvement of socio-economic situation in the US in comparison with Europe where the war practically destroyed local economy. Anyway, it was obvious that American isolationist doctrine could put the country under the risk to remain a weak opponent of a superpower from Europe. On the other hand, it was quite different from a noble official version of struggle against fascism and for the victory of humanism and democracy but not the hegemony in the whole world as the followers of allegation conspiracy state.

As a result, the US started the war against Japan, Germany and their alliances under the slogan “Remember Pearl Harbor!” that was a starting point of the American participation of the World War II because exactly after Japanese bombing of Pearl Harbor the American public opinion, supported by mass media and Roosevelt’s administration, was against Japanese and people wanted to revenge on Japan. The Roosevelt’s administration assured people that Americans were completely ignorant about the intentions of Japan to attack Pearl Harbor but the opponents of the official version estimate the contrary they believe that “Franklin Delano Roosevelt, and his closest advisors not only knew of the attack in advance and did not prevent it, they had actually provoked it. Lt. Arthur McCollum, head of the Far East desk for the US Navy intelligence, wrote a detailed eight-step plan on October 7, 1

us that American isolationist doctrine could put the country under the risk to remain a weak opponent of a superpower from Europe. On the other hand, it was quite different from a noble official version of struggle against fascism and for the victory of humanism and democracy but not the hegemony in the whole world as the followers of allegation conspiracy state.

As a result, the US started the war against Japan, Germany and their alliances under the slogan “Remember Pearl Harbor!” that was a starting point of the American participation of the World War II because exactly after Japanese bombing of Pearl Harbor the American public opinion, supported by mass media and Roosevelt’s administration, was against Japanese and people wanted to revenge on Japan. The Roosevelt’s administration assured people that Americans were completely ignorant about the intentions of Japan to attack Pearl Harbor but the opponents of the official version estimate the contrary they believe that “Franklin Delano Roosevelt, and his closest advisors not only knew of the attack in advance and did not prevent it, they had actually provoked it. Lt. Arthur McCollum, head of the Far East desk for the US Navy intelligence, wrote a detailed eight-step plan on October 7, 1940 that was designed to provoke an attack. F.D. Roosevelt immediately set the covert plan in motion. Soon after the implementing of the final step, Japan attacked Pearl Harbor”. Also some specialist estimate that there are some reports which prove that the US knew about Japanese attack beforehand, among such reports a Top Secret Army Board report is mentioned. So, it is still hard to prove the facts mentioned above but the results of the World War II demonstrate that the victory permitted the US to become a superpower and the possession of nuclear weapon could potentially give unlimited possibilities for the US hegemony in the world but such perspectives were ruined by the Cold War.

However, nowadays we witness another war and its true reasons also seem to be hidden from public, certainly I mean the current war in Iraq. Actually, it has some similarities with the World War II as well as certain differences. But, first of all, I would like to analyze the reasons of this war. Actually, the official reason is the terror attack 9/11 that shocked not only American nation but the whole world. After this attack, the US declares the War on Terror and the war in Iraq became a part of this process. The US blamed Iraq in the creation of the weapon of mass destruction and that was the main official reason to start the war. However the opponents are very critical to this official version. They estimate that the war in Iraq as well as the whole War on Terror has other reasons quite different from official ones. One of the principal opponents of this version is Michael Moore, the director of “Fahrenheit 9/11”, who tries to convince public that the war in Iraq is just “the salient point that we’re still searching for those pesky weapons of mass destruction, the supposed existence of which gave Bush justification to invade” (Muller 2004:79). Among the real reasons of the war are named economic interests of the ruling elite in the US and the desire of the US to gain control in the whole world because such regions as Persian gulf, being rich in natural gas and oil, is strategically important for the whole world economy. Among the evidences that could prove this idea many specialists name the close links of the Bush’s family and the bin Ladens and their common economic interests.

Furthermore, the control over the Persian Gulf, and particularly such a country as Iraq which is on of the richest one in oil and gas in the world, would provide the US practically unlimited power in the world. So, it is evident that the hidden reasons of both the World War II and war in Iraq are basically economic and aim at the world hegemony of one country, the US. Actually, it is quite a natural process. But, returning to the similarities and differences of WW II and war in Iraq, I would like to point out that though the aims are alike but the initial conditions are quite different. In the case of WW II the US was not the most powerful country in the world, on the contrary, Europe politically and economically dominated in the world whereas nowadays the US remains the only superpower in the world and the victory in Iraq will give the US control over a strategic region that will definitely weaken its potential rivals such as Europe, Russia, or China.

Another important thing I have to say about is the beginning of both wars. The followers of allegation conspiracy believe they were provoked by the US government and real reasons were hidden from people what makes these wars very similar is the reaction of the government: at the beginning they deny that the president, special services or anybody in the US knew anything about possible attacks and potential danger and then it turns that there was warnings about possible attack of Japan on Pearl Harbor and terrorists on the trade center and Pentagon. On the other hand, if Japan really had a serious and dangerous potential then Iraq, being blamed in the possession of weapon of mass destruction, actually did not have it and it seems that the official version is nothing more than a reason to invade the country.

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